You could start with a Simple Search in WorldCat, our library catalogue:

Go to the Description of relevant books and scroll down to the Subjects field. Take note of relevant subject headings.
Then try an Advanced Search in WorldCat using keywords from the Subject headings found in the Descriptions of relevant books:

Useful Subject Headings:
- Islamic philosophy
- Philosophy and religion History To 1500
- Islam Theology History
- Islam Doctrines
islam* finds any ending, e.g. Islam, Islamic
AND finds all terms
OR finds either term